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VIII. State Responsibility: Injuries to Aliens and International Human Rights
A. State Responsibility for Injuries to Aliens
1. Historical Background
J.L. Brierly, The Law of Nations
Restatement Section 711, Reporters Notes
Notes and Questions
2. Attribution of Conduct to the State
Gordon A. Christenson, Attribution Issues in State Responsibility
U.N. Draft Articles 4-11
Notes and Questions
3. Property Rights
Restatement Section 412, Reporters Notes
U.N. General Assembly Resolution 1803
Charter of Economic Rights and Duties of States
Notes and Questions
4. The Law of Diplomatic Protection
Restatement Sections 713, 211, 213; Comments & Reporters Notes
B. International Human Rights
1. Background
Louis Henkin, The Age of Rights
2. U.N. Charter and Universal Declaration
Louis B. Sohn, The New International Law: Protection of the Rights of Individuals Rather than States
Notes and Questions
3. The International Covenants
U.N. Document, General Comment 24(52)
Observations by the United States on General Comment 24(52)
Notes and Questions
4. Other Human Rights Treaties
Notes and Questions
5. U.N. Human Rights System
6. Customary International Human Rights Law
Restatement (Third) Section 702
Richard B. Lillich, The Growing Importance of Customary International Human Rights Law
Bruno Simma & Philip Alston, The Sources of Human Rights Law: Custom, Jus Cogens, and General Principles
Questions
7. Role of NGOs
Kenneth Roth, Human Rights Organizations: A New Force for Social Change, in Realizing Human Rights: Moving from Inspiration to Impact
Notes and Questions
8. The United States and International Human Rights Law
a. Ratification of Human Rights Treaties
Curtis A. Bradley & Jack L. Goldsmith, Treaties, Human Rights, and Conditional Consent
Curtis A. Bradley & Jack L. Goldsmith, Treaties, Human Rights, and Conditional Consent
Louis Henkin, U.S. Ratification of Human Rights Conventions: The Ghost of Senator Bricker
Notes and Questions
b. Economic Sanctions
Barry E. Carter, International Economic Sanctions: Improving the Haphazard U.S. Regime
22 U.S.C. 262d
Notes and Questions
c. Diplomatic Pressure
d. Domestic Litigation
Notes and Questions
9. Regional Human Rights Law
a. European System
Henry J. Steiner & Philip Alston, International Human Rights in Context
The Soering Case
Notes and Questions
b. Inter-American System
Henry J. Steiner & Philip Alston, International Human Rights in Context
Notes and Questions
c. African System
Henry J. Steiner & Philip Alston, International Human Rights in Context
Questions
10. International Humanitarian Law
Bibliography
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